How to fix duplicate title on Gatsby

Steps for Gatsby

1. Create (or update) a reusable `<Seo>` component at `src/components/Seo.jsx` that uses Gatsby's built-in Head API (`export function Head`) — no third-party library needed in Gatsby v4+.
2. In every page file under `src/pages/` (e.g. `index.jsx`, `products/[handle].jsx`, `collections/[slug].jsx`, `about.jsx`) export a named `Head` function that renders the `<Seo>` component with a page-specific `title` prop.
3. For template-driven pages (product detail, collection, blog post) created via `gatsby-node.js` / `createPage`, pass the unique title through `pageContext` so the template's `Head` export can consume it dynamically.
4. Build every title using a consistent pattern — `{Page-Specific Name} | {Site Name}` — so each title is both unique and branded. Pull `siteMetadata.siteTitle` from a `gatsby-config.js` `useStaticQuery` call inside the component.
5. Run `gatsby build && gatsby serve` then audit with `<title>` checks in DevTools or a crawler to confirm no two pages share the same title string.

What is duplicate title?

The title tag is the line of text that appears as the clickable headline in Google search results and in your browser tab. When two or more pages on your store share the exact same title tag, search engines — and shoppers — cannot easily tell them apart. A duplicate title means at least one page is missing its own distinct identity, usually because a template has been applied without customisation, a CMS generated a fallback title, or pages were accidentally copied without updating their metadata.

Google uses the title tag as one of its primary signals to understand what a page is about. Duplicate titles confuse its crawlers, can cause the wrong page to rank (or neither page to rank well) for a given query, and split ranking authority between pages that should each stand on their own. For shoppers, identical titles in search results make it impossible to choose between two links — reducing click-through rates and, ultimately, revenue. Google may also silently rewrite a duplicate title to something generic, stripping away any keyword targeting you intended.

See the complete Duplicate title guide for every platform and the full background.